Writer · 1817 – 1862

Henry David Thoreau

If you're interested in Henry David Thoreau, these historical figures share a similar impact, discipline, philosophy, or era. Each recommendation explains why the connection exists.

Similar Impact & Significance

Portrait of Ralph Waldo Emerson

Ralph Waldo Emerson

80

Essayist · 1803 – 1882

Ralph Waldo Emerson was an American essayist, lecturer and poet who led the Transcendentalist movement and, through works such as "Self-Reliance" and "Nature", shaped American thought and called a new national literature into being.

  • Self-Reliance
  • Nature

Why His mentor and friend, the leader of Transcendentalism, on whose land Thoreau built his Walden cabin.

Portrait of Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi

93

Activist · 1869 – 1948

Mahatma Gandhi was the leader of India's independence movement, who pioneered the philosophy and practice of nonviolent civil disobedience and inspired movements for civil rights across the world.

  • Leading Indian independence
  • Nonviolent civil disobedience

Why Who drew on Thoreau's 'Civil Disobedience' in developing nonviolent resistance.

Portrait of Martin Luther King Jr.

Martin Luther King Jr.

95

Activist · 1929 – 1968

Martin Luther King Jr. was an American Baptist minister and civil rights leader who championed nonviolent resistance to racial injustice and became the most prominent voice of the movement for equality in the United States.

  • I Have a Dream speech
  • Civil rights leadership

Why Who cited Thoreau's essay as an inspiration for the civil rights movement.

Portrait of Voltaire

Voltaire

90

Writer · 1694 – 1778

Voltaire was a French Enlightenment writer, philosopher and wit, a tireless champion of reason, free speech and religious tolerance and one of the most influential figures of his age.

  • Candide
  • Defending free speech and tolerance

Why Also a writer & philosopher · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Cicero

Cicero

88

Statesman · 106 BC – 43 BC

Cicero was a Roman statesman, orator and philosopher whose speeches and writings defined Latin prose, transmitted Greek philosophy to Rome, and championed the values of the Roman Republic.

  • Roman oratory
  • Defending the Republic

Why Also a philosopher & writer · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Francis Bacon

Francis Bacon

82

Philosopher · 1561 – 1626

Francis Bacon was an English philosopher, statesman and writer who served as Lord Chancellor and, in works such as the Novum Organum and his Essays, founded the modern scientific method of reasoning from evidence and experiment.

  • Scientific method
  • Novum Organum

Why Also a philosopher & writer · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

88

Philosopher · 1770 – 1831

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was a German philosopher and the leading figure of German idealism, whose dialectical method and grand vision of history as the self-development of Spirit profoundly shaped modern philosophy.

  • German idealism
  • The dialectic

Why Also a philosopher & writer · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

90

Philosopher · 1712 – 1778

Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a Genevan-French philosopher, writer, and composer whose ideas on the social contract, the general will, and natural human goodness shaped modern political thought, education, and the Romantic movement.

  • The Social Contract
  • The general will

Why Also a philosopher & writer · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of John Stuart Mill

John Stuart Mill

87

Philosopher · 1806 – 1873

John Stuart Mill was an English philosopher and economist, the leading liberal thinker of the nineteenth century, whose works on utilitarianism, liberty, and the rights of women shaped modern political and ethical thought.

  • On Liberty
  • Utilitarianism

Why Also a philosopher & writer · Comparable historical impact

Same Field or Discipline

Portrait of Aldous Huxley

Aldous Huxley

80

Writer · 1894 – 1963

Aldous Huxley was an English writer and philosopher whose dystopian novel Brave New World became one of the most influential warnings of the 20th century, imagining a future enslaved not by terror but by pleasure and conditioning.

  • Brave New World
  • The Doors of Perception

Why Also a writer & philosopher · Active in the same era

Portrait of Alexander von Humboldt

Alexander von Humboldt

81

Naturalist · 1769 – 1859

Alexander von Humboldt was a Prussian naturalist and explorer whose pioneering expeditions and best-selling books — including the vast Cosmos — founded modern geography and ecology and made him one of the most famous scientists and authors of his age.

  • Cosmos
  • Scientific exploration of the Americas

Why Also a naturalist & writer · Active in the same era

Portrait of Edgar Allan Poe

Edgar Allan Poe

81

Writer · 1809 – 1849

Edgar Allan Poe was an American writer and poet, a master of the macabre, who invented the detective story, helped shape the modern short story and science fiction, and gave the world haunting tales and poems such as "The Raven".

  • The Raven
  • Detective fiction

Why Also a writer · Active in the same era

Portrait of Ernest Hemingway

Ernest Hemingway

82

Writer · 1899 – 1961

Ernest Hemingway was an American novelist and short-story writer whose spare, understated prose style revolutionized 20th-century fiction, winning the Nobel Prize in Literature for works such as The Old Man and the Sea.

  • The Old Man and the Sea
  • A Farewell to Arms

Why Also a writer · Active in the same era

Portrait of F. Scott Fitzgerald

F. Scott Fitzgerald

80

Novelist · 1896 – 1940

F. Scott Fitzgerald was an American novelist and short-story writer, the great chronicler of the Jazz Age, whose novel The Great Gatsby is often called the quintessential American novel.

  • The Great Gatsby
  • The Jazz Age

Why Also a writer · Active in the same era

Portrait of Herman Melville

Herman Melville

80

Novelist · 1819 – 1891

Herman Melville was an American novelist and poet whose Moby-Dick, neglected in his lifetime, is now regarded as one of the greatest novels ever written and a towering achievement of American literature.

  • Moby-Dick
  • Billy Budd

Why Also a writer · Active in the same era

Portrait of Mark Twain

Mark Twain

84

Writer · 1835 – 1910

Mark Twain was an American writer and humorist, called the "father of American literature", whose novels The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn captured the voice of America and remain classics of world literature.

  • Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
  • The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

Why Also a writer · Active in the same era

Portrait of Maya Angelou

Maya Angelou

80

Writer · 1928 – 2014

Maya Angelou was an American writer, poet and civil rights activist whose autobiography I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings became a landmark of American literature, giving powerful voice to Black womanhood, trauma and resilience.

  • I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings
  • Still I Rise

Why Also a writer · Active in the same era

Portrait of Nathaniel Hawthorne

Nathaniel Hawthorne

78

Novelist · 1804 – 1864

Nathaniel Hawthorne was an American novelist and short-story writer whose dark, morally probing fiction — above all The Scarlet Letter — explored sin, guilt and hypocrisy in Puritan New England and helped found the American novel.

  • The Scarlet Letter
  • The House of the Seven Gables

Why Also a writer · Active in the same era

Portrait of Toni Morrison

Toni Morrison

81

Novelist · 1931 – 2019

Toni Morrison was an American novelist whose richly poetic explorations of Black American life — above all Beloved — won her the Pulitzer Prize and made her the first African American woman to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature.

  • Beloved
  • Song of Solomon

Why Also a writer · Active in the same era

Portrait of William Faulkner

William Faulkner

80

Novelist · 1897 – 1962

William Faulkner was an American novelist whose dense, experimental novels set in the fictional Yoknapatawpha County of the Deep South — including The Sound and the Fury — won him the Nobel Prize in Literature and made him one of the most influential writers of the 20th century.

  • The Sound and the Fury
  • As I Lay Dying

Why Also a writer · Active in the same era

Portrait of Carl Sagan

Carl Sagan

82

Astronomer · 1934 – 1996

Carl Sagan was an American astronomer and planetary scientist who became the world's most famous communicator of science, reaching millions through the television series Cosmos and best-selling books that made him a celebrated author as well as a researcher.

  • Cosmos
  • Science communication

Why Also a writer · Active in the same era

Portrait of Emily Dickinson

Emily Dickinson

80

Poet · 1830 – 1886

Emily Dickinson was an American poet who lived in near-seclusion and published almost nothing in her lifetime, yet whose nearly 1,800 original, compressed poems made her, after her death, one of the most important poets in the English language.

  • Nearly 1,800 poems
  • Reclusive life

Why Also a writer · Active in the same era

Portrait of Frederick Douglass

Frederick Douglass

84

Abolitionist · 1818 – 1895

Frederick Douglass was an American abolitionist, orator and writer who escaped slavery to become the most powerful voice of the antislavery movement and one of the foremost advocates for equality and human rights in the 19th century.

  • Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass
  • Abolitionist oratory

Why Also a writer · Active in the same era

Portrait of Friedrich Nietzsche

Friedrich Nietzsche

92

Philosopher · 1844 – 1900

Friedrich Nietzsche was a German philosopher whose radical critiques of morality, religion, and truth—including the proclamation that "God is dead" and the ideal of the Übermensch—made him one of the most influential and provocative thinkers of the modern era.

  • "God is dead"
  • The Übermensch

Why Also a philosopher & writer · Active in the same era