Historical Figures from USA

The most influential historical figures born in or associated with USA.

Portrait of Carl Sagan

Carl Sagan

82

Astronomer · 1934 – 1996

Carl Sagan was an American astronomer and planetary scientist who became the world's most famous communicator of science, reaching millions through the television series Cosmos and best-selling books that made him a celebrated author as well as a researcher.

  • Cosmos
  • Science communication
Portrait of Edgar Allan Poe

Edgar Allan Poe

81

Writer · 1809 – 1849

Edgar Allan Poe was an American writer and poet, a master of the macabre, who invented the detective story, helped shape the modern short story and science fiction, and gave the world haunting tales and poems such as "The Raven".

  • The Raven
  • Detective fiction
Portrait of Emily Dickinson

Emily Dickinson

80

Poet · 1830 – 1886

Emily Dickinson was an American poet who lived in near-seclusion and published almost nothing in her lifetime, yet whose nearly 1,800 original, compressed poems made her, after her death, one of the most important poets in the English language.

  • Nearly 1,800 poems
  • Reclusive life
Portrait of Ernest Hemingway

Ernest Hemingway

82

Writer · 1899 – 1961

Ernest Hemingway was an American novelist and short-story writer whose spare, understated prose style revolutionized 20th-century fiction, winning the Nobel Prize in Literature for works such as The Old Man and the Sea.

  • The Old Man and the Sea
  • A Farewell to Arms
Portrait of F. Scott Fitzgerald

F. Scott Fitzgerald

80

Novelist · 1896 – 1940

F. Scott Fitzgerald was an American novelist and short-story writer, the great chronicler of the Jazz Age, whose novel The Great Gatsby is often called the quintessential American novel.

  • The Great Gatsby
  • The Jazz Age
Portrait of Frederick Douglass

Frederick Douglass

84

Abolitionist · 1818 – 1895

Frederick Douglass was an American abolitionist, orator and writer who escaped slavery to become the most powerful voice of the antislavery movement and one of the foremost advocates for equality and human rights in the 19th century.

  • Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass
  • Abolitionist oratory
Portrait of Harriet Tubman

Harriet Tubman

83

Abolitionist · 1822 – 1913

Harriet Tubman was an American abolitionist who escaped slavery and then risked her life repeatedly to lead dozens of enslaved people to freedom via the Underground Railroad, becoming one of the great heroes of the fight against slavery.

  • Underground Railroad
  • Leading the enslaved to freedom
Portrait of Helen Keller

Helen Keller

80

Author · 1880 – 1968

Helen Keller was an American author, disability rights advocate and activist who, though deaf and blind from infancy, learned to communicate, graduated from college, and wrote books that inspired the world and advanced the cause of people with disabilities.

  • The Story of My Life
  • Disability rights advocacy
Portrait of Henry David Thoreau

Henry David Thoreau

80

Writer · 1817 – 1862

Henry David Thoreau was an American writer, naturalist and philosopher whose book Walden and essay "Civil Disobedience" became foundational texts of environmental thought and nonviolent resistance, influencing reformers around the world.

  • Walden
  • Civil Disobedience
Portrait of Herman Melville

Herman Melville

80

Novelist · 1819 – 1891

Herman Melville was an American novelist and poet whose Moby-Dick, neglected in his lifetime, is now regarded as one of the greatest novels ever written and a towering achievement of American literature.

  • Moby-Dick
  • Billy Budd
Portrait of Mark Twain

Mark Twain

84

Writer · 1835 – 1910

Mark Twain was an American writer and humorist, called the "father of American literature", whose novels The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn captured the voice of America and remain classics of world literature.

  • Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
  • The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
Portrait of Maya Angelou

Maya Angelou

80

Writer · 1928 – 2014

Maya Angelou was an American writer, poet and civil rights activist whose autobiography I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings became a landmark of American literature, giving powerful voice to Black womanhood, trauma and resilience.

  • I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings
  • Still I Rise
Portrait of Nathaniel Hawthorne

Nathaniel Hawthorne

78

Novelist · 1804 – 1864

Nathaniel Hawthorne was an American novelist and short-story writer whose dark, morally probing fiction — above all The Scarlet Letter — explored sin, guilt and hypocrisy in Puritan New England and helped found the American novel.

  • The Scarlet Letter
  • The House of the Seven Gables
Portrait of Ralph Waldo Emerson

Ralph Waldo Emerson

80

Essayist · 1803 – 1882

Ralph Waldo Emerson was an American essayist, lecturer and poet who led the Transcendentalist movement and, through works such as "Self-Reliance" and "Nature", shaped American thought and called a new national literature into being.

  • Self-Reliance
  • Nature
Portrait of Rosa Parks

Rosa Parks

82

Activist · 1913 – 2005

Rosa Parks was an American civil rights activist whose refusal to give up her bus seat to a white passenger in 1955 sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, a pivotal moment in the struggle against racial segregation.

  • Montgomery Bus Boycott
  • Refusing to give up her seat
Portrait of T. S. Eliot

T. S. Eliot

80

Poet · 1888 – 1965

T. S. Eliot was an American-British poet, critic and playwright, a towering figure of literary modernism whose poem The Waste Land redefined 20th-century poetry and who won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

  • The Waste Land
  • The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
Portrait of Theodore Roosevelt

Theodore Roosevelt

85

Statesman · 1858 – 1919

Theodore Roosevelt was the 26th President of the United States, a soldier, conservationist and reformer — and a remarkably prolific author who wrote around forty books on history, nature, politics and exploration alongside his public career.

  • 26th U.S. President
  • National parks and conservation
Portrait of Thomas Edison

Thomas Edison

88

Inventor · 1847 – 1931

Thomas Edison was an American inventor and businessman whose innovations — including a practical electric light, the phonograph and systems for distributing electricity — helped create the modern industrial world.

  • Electric light bulb
  • Phonograph
Portrait of Toni Morrison

Toni Morrison

81

Novelist · 1931 – 2019

Toni Morrison was an American novelist whose richly poetic explorations of Black American life — above all Beloved — won her the Pulitzer Prize and made her the first African American woman to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature.

  • Beloved
  • Song of Solomon
Portrait of Walt Whitman

Walt Whitman

81

Poet · 1819 – 1892

Walt Whitman was an American poet whose collection Leaves of Grass broke from traditional verse to celebrate democracy, the body and the self in sweeping free verse, making him a founding father of modern American poetry.

  • Leaves of Grass
  • Free verse
Portrait of William Faulkner

William Faulkner

80

Novelist · 1897 – 1962

William Faulkner was an American novelist whose dense, experimental novels set in the fictional Yoknapatawpha County of the Deep South — including The Sound and the Fury — won him the Nobel Prize in Literature and made him one of the most influential writers of the 20th century.

  • The Sound and the Fury
  • As I Lay Dying