Astronomer · 1564 – 1642
Galileo Galilei
Pioneered the use of the telescope in astronomy, discovered Jupiter's moons and the phases of Venus, advanced the science of motion, and defended the Copernican system — for which he was condemned by the Inquisition.
Scientific Breakthroughs
- Discovered the four largest moons of Jupiter.
- Observed the phases of Venus, supporting heliocentrism.
- Formulated early laws of motion and falling bodies.
Major Works
- Sidereus Nuncius (The Starry Messenger)
- Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems
Impact Analysis
Galileo's insistence on observation, experiment and mathematics helped found modern science, and his telescopic discoveries shattered the ancient Earth-centered cosmos.
Historical influence score: 95/100