Empress · 1729 – 1796

Catherine II of Russia

If you're interested in Catherine II of Russia, these historical figures share a similar impact, discipline, philosophy, or era. Each recommendation explains why the connection exists.

Similar Impact & Significance

Portrait of Voltaire

Voltaire

90

Writer · 1694 – 1778

Voltaire was a French Enlightenment writer, philosopher and wit, a tireless champion of reason, free speech and religious tolerance and one of the most influential figures of his age.

  • Candide
  • Defending free speech and tolerance

Why The Enlightenment philosopher with whom Catherine corresponded and whose ideas she admired.

Portrait of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

89

Composer · 1840 – 1893

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky was a Russian Romantic composer whose richly emotional music — including the ballets Swan Lake and The Nutcracker and the 1812 Overture — made him one of the most popular and widely performed composers in the world.

  • Swan Lake
  • The Nutcracker

Why A later Russian artist who flourished in the cultural world Catherine's patronage helped build.

Portrait of Elizabeth I

Elizabeth I

89

Queen · 1533 – 1603

Elizabeth I was Queen of England from 1558 to 1603, whose long and stable reign — the Elizabethan era — saw a golden age of culture, the defeat of the Spanish Armada, and England's rise as a sea power.

  • The Elizabethan golden age
  • Defeating the Spanish Armada

Why An earlier powerful queen whose long, influential reign offers a striking parallel to Catherine's.

Portrait of Napoleon Bonaparte

Napoleon Bonaparte

94

Military Leader · 1769 – 1821

Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader who rose during the French Revolution, crowned himself Emperor, and dominated European affairs for over a decade.

  • Napoleonic Wars
  • The Napoleonic Code

Why The later conqueror who would confront the expanded and powerful Russia that Catherine had built.

Suleiman I

90

Sultan · 1494 – 1566

Suleiman the Magnificent was the longest-reigning sultan of the Ottoman Empire, who led it to the height of its power through military conquest, legal reform and a brilliant flowering of art and architecture.

  • Ottoman golden age
  • Legal reforms (the Lawgiver)

Why Also a ruler & statesman · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Augustus

Augustus

94

Emperor · 63 BC – 14

Augustus was the first Roman emperor, the heir of Julius Caesar who ended a century of civil war, established the Roman Empire, and inaugurated the Pax Romana.

  • First Roman emperor
  • The Pax Romana

Why Also a ruler & statesman · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar

Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar

88

Emperor · 1542 – 1605

Akbar was the third Mughal emperor, who expanded the empire across much of the Indian subcontinent and is remembered for his administrative reforms, religious tolerance and patronage of the arts during a long and powerful reign.

  • Expansion of the Mughal Empire
  • Religious tolerance

Why Also a ruler · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Cleopatra VII

Cleopatra VII

90

Ruler · 69 BC – 30 BC

Cleopatra VII was the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, a shrewd and learned monarch whose alliances with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony placed her at the center of Roman politics.

  • Last pharaoh of Egypt
  • Alliance with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony

Why Also a ruler · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Hatshepsut

Hatshepsut

83

Pharaoh · 1507 BC – 1458 BC

Hatshepsut was one of the few women to rule ancient Egypt as pharaoh in her own right, a peaceful and prosperous reign marked by ambitious building projects and far-reaching trade.

  • Female pharaoh
  • Expedition to Punt

Why Also a ruler · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Nefertiti

Nefertiti

79

Queen · 1370 BC – 1330 BC

Nefertiti was an Egyptian queen, principal wife of the pharaoh Akhenaten, who wielded unusual power during his religious revolution and whose painted limestone bust is one of the most admired images of the ancient world.

  • Berlin bust
  • Amarna religious revolution

Why Also a ruler · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Saladin

Saladin

86

Military Leader · 1137 – 1193

Saladin was a Kurdish Muslim sultan who founded the Ayyubid dynasty, united Egypt and Syria, and famously recaptured Jerusalem from the Crusaders, earning renown even among his enemies for his chivalry.

  • Recapturing Jerusalem
  • The Battle of Hattin

Why Also a ruler · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln

92

President · 1809 – 1865

Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States, who led the nation through its Civil War, preserved the Union, and abolished slavery before his assassination in 1865.

  • Leading the Union in the Civil War
  • The Emancipation Proclamation

Why Also a statesman · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Akhenaten

Akhenaten

78

Pharaoh · 1380 BC – 1334 BC

Akhenaten was an Egyptian pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty who launched a religious revolution, replacing Egypt's many gods with the worship of a single deity, the sun-disc Aten — one of the earliest experiments with monotheism.

  • Worship of the Aten
  • City of Amarna

Why Also a ruler · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Ashoka the Great

Ashoka the Great

90

Emperor · 304 BC – 232 BC

Ashoka was the third emperor of the Maurya Empire who, after a devastating war, embraced Buddhism and non-violence, becoming one of history's most remarkable rulers.

  • Spreading Buddhism
  • The Edicts of Ashoka

Why Also a ruler · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Chandragupta Maurya

Chandragupta Maurya

85

Emperor · 350 BC – 295 BC

Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of the Maurya Empire, who united most of the Indian subcontinent for the first time and established one of the ancient world's great states.

  • Founding the Maurya Empire
  • Unifying northern India

Why Also a ruler · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Charlemagne

Charlemagne

89

Emperor · 748 – 814

Charlemagne was the King of the Franks who united much of Western Europe and was crowned Emperor in 800 AD, reviving the idea of a Roman empire in the West and sparking a cultural revival.

  • Uniting Western Europe
  • Coronation as Emperor in 800 AD

Why Also a ruler · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Cicero

Cicero

88

Statesman · 106 BC – 43 BC

Cicero was a Roman statesman, orator and philosopher whose speeches and writings defined Latin prose, transmitted Greek philosophy to Rome, and championed the values of the Roman Republic.

  • Roman oratory
  • Defending the Republic

Why Also a statesman · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Cyrus the Great

Cyrus the Great

90

Ruler · 600 BC – 530 BC

Cyrus the Great was the founder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, the largest empire the ancient world had yet seen, remembered for his military genius and his tolerance toward conquered peoples.

  • Founding the Persian Empire
  • The Cyrus Cylinder

Why Also a ruler · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Francis Bacon

Francis Bacon

82

Philosopher · 1561 – 1626

Francis Bacon was an English philosopher, statesman and writer who served as Lord Chancellor and, in works such as the Novum Organum and his Essays, founded the modern scientific method of reasoning from evidence and experiment.

  • Scientific method
  • Novum Organum

Why Also a statesman · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Genghis Khan

Genghis Khan

93

Military Leader · 1162 – 1227

Genghis Khan was the founder and first Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, a military genius who united the nomadic tribes of the steppe and forged the largest contiguous land empire in history.

  • Founding the Mongol Empire
  • Largest contiguous land empire

Why Also a ruler · Comparable historical impact

Portrait of Hammurabi

Hammurabi

86

Ruler · 1810 BC – 1750 BC

Hammurabi was the sixth king of Babylon who united Mesopotamia under his rule and issued the Code of Hammurabi, one of the earliest and most complete written law codes in history.

  • The Code of Hammurabi
  • Uniting Mesopotamia

Why Also a ruler · Comparable historical impact

Same Field or Discipline